Yellow fever vector live-virus vaccines: West Nile virus vaccine development

Vaccines in Development against West Nile Virus

West Nile encephalitis emerged in 1999 in the United States, then rapidly spread through the North American continent causing severe disease in human and horses. Since then, outbreaks appeared in Europe, and in 2012, the United States experienced a new severe outbreak reporting a total of 5,387 cases of West Nile virus (WNV) disease in humans, including 243 deaths. So far, no human vaccine is a...

A live, attenuated recombinant West Nile virus vaccine.

West Nile (WN) virus is an important cause of febrile exanthem and encephalitis. Since it invaded the U.S. in 1999, >19,000 human cases have been reported. The threat of continued epidemics has spurred efforts to develop vaccines. ChimeriVax-WN02 is a live, attenuated recombinant vaccine constructed from an infectious clone of yellow fever (YF) 17D virus in which the premembrane and envelope ge...

17D Yellow Fever Virus Vaccine

Dear Sir: In a recent article, Edupuganti and others reported a clinical study of co-administration of subcutaneous yellow fever (YF) 17D vaccine (YF-VAX Ò ; Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France) and intramuscular immune serum globulin (ISG) (amaSTAN S/D Ò ; Talecris Biotherapeutics, Research Triangle Park, NC) or saline placebo. 1 The study was designed to test whether co-administration of vaccine and...

Current trends in West Nile virus vaccine development.

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has become endemic in the United States. From 1999-2012, there have been 37088 reported cases of WNV and 1549 deaths, resulting in a 4.2% case-fatality rate. Despite development of effective WNV vaccines for horses, there is no vaccine to prevent human WNV infection. Several vaccines have been tested in preclinical studies and to date th...

Development of an Attenuated Live Virus Vaccine against Sheep Pox